Karnataka, a coastal state in India, plays a significant role in marine capture fisheries, ranking 6th in the country with an impressive catch of nearly 3 lakh metric tons. The state boasts a 313.02 km coastline out of India’s extensive 8,129 km.
In the days before industrial fisheries dominated the scene, Karnataka thrived on diverse traditional fish capture methods. These included the use of Rampani boats, dugout canoes, out-rigger boats, Maranabale, Bolmu, and Kairampani. Kairampani, in particular, stands out as a traditional shore seine used along the coastal stretches of Karnataka. It targets various fish species near the shore, including shrimps, flatfish, crockers, mackerels, squid, and crabs.
Kairampani is a collaborative effort, involving groups of 30 to 40 individuals. The experienced fisherman makes crucial decisions about the location based on factors like wave action. Traditional knowledge guides the entire process. One end of the net is held by the people on the shore, while the boat encircles the fish. The other end is then handed to workers on the shore for dragging, ultimately bringing in the catch by sweeping the sea bottom.
The Kumbasi fishing village in Kundapura once saw a bustling evening beach-side gathering for Kairampani operations, engaging enthusiastic youths. However, over time, youth migration in search of employment has led to a decline in this traditional activity. Additionally, fish populations near the shore have dwindled due to increased fishing pressure from mechanized boats.
In a recent positive development, migrant youth workers from North India, employed in local resorts and fish processing industries, have started participating in Kairampani activities during their free time. Their involvement is not driven by financial gain but rather a desire to establish friendships and harmony with the locals, seeking support during unforeseen events and difficulties.
Despite the challenges faced by traditional fishing methods due to modern technology, Kairampani persists. This age-old practice not only catches fish but also fosters harmony among the village and its workers. Kairampani remains a connecting thread between people and tradition in coastal Karnataka, highlighting the resilience of traditional practices in the face of change.
Prashanth Ramappa is a dedicated researcher with a Master’s degree in Fisheries Resource and Management. The conservation of coastal ecosystems and the preservation of western Ghats is his passion, as well as the promotion of sustainable livelihoods.